Muzzles may be used to help manage behaviour including to prevent a dog biting or scavenging, safeguard wildlife or other animals, protect dogs from poison baits, or as requirements for use of public transport.

It is important that a correctly fitted muzzle of a humane and appropriate type is used properly and only for limited durations. Muzzles should be introduced gradually using positive reinforcement to ensure a positive association and avoid stress and discomfort.

SPCA opposes prolonged muzzling of dogs as routine behaviour management or compulsory muzzling for specific breeds.

Muzzles designed to hold the dog’s mouth closed, such as those used for veterinary examination, prevent dogs from panting, eating, drinking and vomiting. These muzzles must only be used in appropriate circumstances, such as in emergency first aid or rescue situations, during veterinary examinations or where the immediate safety of the animal, other animals or people is at risk. These muzzles should never be left on dogs unsupervised for the purpose of preventing excessive barking.

Basket muzzles, which do not hinder respiration, drinking and eating, are the only type of muzzles that should be used outside of emergency situations.

Muzzles must only be worn for limited durations and not cause cuts, abrasions or swelling. Dogs must not be left unsupervised (e.g. in a car) whilst wearing a muzzle and must be able to drink, eat, pant and vomit.

Incorrect use of muzzles may be an offence under the Animal Welfare (Care and Procedures) Regulations 2018.

Muzzles are currently a legal requirement in respect of certain classifications of dog under the Dog Control Act 1996.